Gamma, Fast Neutron, Proton, and Alpha Shielding Properties of Borate Glasses: A Closer Look on Lead (II) Oxide and Bismuth (III) Oxide Reinforcement

The purpose of this research was to investigate the shielding characteristics high-amount heavy metal oxide and Eu3+-activated borate glasses based on 10La2O3–50HMO–(40–x) B2O3–xEu2O3 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, HMO PbO, Bi2O3). Critical gamma radiation attenuation characteristics, particularly mass coefficients investigated glass samples, were determined using Monte Carlo simulations Phy-x/PSD software. Following that, we looked at half-value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number, build-up factors across a broad energy range (0.015–15 MeV). According study’s results, addition Eu2O3 enhanced coefficient while reducing accumulation factors. In terms attenuation, LBi50BEu system surpassed LPb50BEu in overall properties against nuclear radiation. Additionally, glass’ efficacy as neutron shield fast removal cross-sections (?R). LBi50BEu2 shown be more preventing penetration charged particle